Transport Axes and Corridors in Romania – Policy Issues and Opportunity for Territorial Development
Paul-Teofil OPRIŞ-SÎRCA*1
* Corresponding author
1 West University of Timișoara, Faculty of Chemistry-Biology-Geography, Department of Geography, Timişoara, ROMANIA
E-mail: opris.sirca@gmail.com; ORCID: 0009-0001-0722-8417
Pages: 133-144. DOI: 10.24193/JSSP.2024.2.05
Received: 13 February 2024
Received in revised form: 10 December 2024
Accepted for publication: 24 December 2024
Available online: 31 December 2024
Cite: Opriș-Sîrca P.-T. (2024), Transport Axes and Corridors in Romania – Policy Issues and Opportunity for Territorial Development. Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning, 15(2), 133-144. DOI: 10.24193/JSSP.2024.2.05
Abstract. Without strong cities and efficient transport infrastructure, countries cannot benefit from developed regions and robust economies. The slow development of the road transport infrastructure (46 km/year) hampers the development of Romanian cities, especially those connecting peripheral areas, which are affected by population decline and stagnant growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that transport axes/corridors policy and other relevant planning policies could have on the national territory in terms of stimulating regional growth and reducing spatial disparities. To achieve this, the research consisted in analysing a set of economic and social indicators for all 41 county capital cities in Romania and the capital city Bucharest, as well as traffic data for the national road network. Results showed that economic indicators such as entrepreneurial density and firm turnover have higher values in main urban centres, where infrastructure supports the location of businesses and attract investors that generate economic growth, whereas cities with low accessibility to high quality transport infrastructure have fewer opportunities to grow, evidence that the transport axes/corridors policy could be a relevant territorial planning instrument. Moreover, the findings of this research revealed the incipient stage of integration of development axes policy in Romania due to the fragmented administrative and planning capacity of governmental stakeholders. It is recommended to prioritize multi-level governance reforms to strengthen strategic planning and administrative capacity with a focus not only to connect major cities but also the secondary nodes and peripheral regions, thus promoting inclusive and sustainable development.
K e y w o r d s: axes development policies, spatial planning, transport infrastructure, Romania